Library and Archives Canada has an online map exhibition called Canada at Scale. There are many maps you may find interesting. In particular:

In their Exploration, colonization and development section, you will find the Map of Indian reserves, 1891

Indian reserves have existed in Canada since the time of New France. They were created through a variety of means — by missionaries or private individuals, concession of Crown lands, treaties between Indian bands and the government.

In their Government cartography section, you will find the Nunavut Territory, 1993 map.

Nunavut, which in Inuktitut means "our land," is the new territory created in 1993 out of a portion of the Northwest Territories. 73% of the inhabitants speak Inuktitut and 85% are Inuit. The first government of Nunavut was elected on February 15, 1999, and took office on April 1.

Original Page: http://cccm.nrcan.gc.ca/english/comprehensive_claims_e.asp

This Canadian map is intended to geographically illustrate Indian treaties and comprehensive land claims including settlement areas, traditional territories and those areas currently under negotiations. Comprehensive land claims are based on the assertion of continuing Aboriginal rights and claims to land that have not been dealt with by treaty or other means. Comprehensive land claims negotiations address concerns raised by Aboriginal people, governments and third parties in Canada about who has the legal right to own or use the lands and resources in areas under claim.

The map illustrates the areas and names of historical treaties, traditional territories, settlement areas and land claims in Canada. The land claims are colour shaded to differentiate between settled claim areas and unsettled claim areas currently under negotiations. Where map space was insufficient, side text boxes were incorporated to display full names. Base map information also includes National Parks, provincial, territorial and international boundaries, major roads and towns and capital cities. The map is updated on a regular basis and is printed upon request.

Map viewing requirements: These maps are offered in PDF format which requires the freely available Acrobat Reader from Adobe Corporation

A website from Indian and Northern Affairs Canada:

This series of maps illustrates the historical evolution of Canada through treaty-making between 1867 and 1999, focussing on the Numbered Treaties. The Numbered Treaties were negotiated between the Dominion of Canada and the First People who inhabited newly-acquired western territories. The maps are available in pdf.

http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/pr/trts/hti/site/mpindex_e.html

The Atlas of Canada has an interactive map of the historical treaties signed in Canada. If you click on an area with the information button, there is a link in the popup that will take you to the text of the original treaties.

http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/indiantreaties